Does Wegovy cause constipation?

Key points

• Constipation is a common side effect of Wegovy
• Wegovy slows down digestion to help you feel fuller longer, which can lead to slower bowel movements
• Most people find that their constipation improves as their body adjusts to the medication
• Simple steps like increasing fiber slowly, eating protein, having smaller meals, staying hydrated, and staying active can help relieve constipation symptoms on Wegovy

You're hopeful about your weight loss progress with Wegovy (semaglutide). But the bathroom situation? That's another story.

Constipation is one of the most common side effects of drugs like Wegovy and Zepbound that people don't talk about enough. Let's fix that.

What is Wegovy?

Wegovy is an injectable medication prescribed for long-term weight loss. The active ingredient is semaglutide, which belongs to a class of drugs called GLP-1 receptor agonists.

The FDA approved Wegovy for several uses:

• Helping adults and children 12+ with obesity lose weight and keep it off;
• Reducing cardiovascular event risk (death, heart attack, stroke) in adults with known heart disease and obesity or overweight; and
• Treating adults with severe liver disease, called metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). It is usually accompanied by moderate to advanced liver scarring.

Wegovy works alongside a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity. You take it as a once-weekly injection under your skin.

Does Wegovy cause constipation?

Yes, constipation is a recognized side effect of Wegovy, and it's more common than you might think.

One study showed that 24% of people taking Wegovy experienced constipation. Constipation appears on the official list of common side effects for Wegovy, alongside other digestive issues like nausea, diarrhea, and stomach pain.

These digestive side effects tend to happen most often when you first start taking the medication or when your dose increases. This side effect is usually manageable and often temporary.

"Usually side effects like constipation will get better as your body adjusts to the medication,” explains Gia Eapen, MD. “ However, if symptoms persist, please consult your healthcare provider."

Why does Wegovy cause constipation?

There may be two reasons why Wegovy may lead to constipation.

1. Wegovy slows down digestion

Physician Gia Eapen, MD, explains, “Wegovy targets the area in the brain that controls appetite," she says. "It also stimulates the pancreas to release insulin when you eat. This prevents blood sugar spikes. Additionally, the medication slows down digestion, making you feel full faster and for a longer time.”

While slower intestinal movement makes you feel satisfied, it can also mean less frequent bowel movements and harder stool.

2. Not enough fiber

Also, since Wegovy reduces hunger and food cravings, many people end up eating and drinking much less than they used to. They may also skip meals if they are not hungry. This can also result in constipation.

Gia Eapen, MD, explains, "When patients reduce their food and fluid intake on Wegovy, they may not be getting enough fiber or water to support regular bowel movements. The medication itself slows gastric emptying, and when combined with reduced dietary intake, constipation can become a concern."

How to relieve constipation on Wegovy?

Several strategies can help relieve constipation on Wegovy.

1. Increase dietary fiber gradually

As portion sizes decrease on Wegovy, ensure you're getting enough nutrients. It's not just about eating less but making sure every bite counts nutritionally.

Rita Faycurry, RD, a registered dietitian, explains, "I recommend focusing on nutrient-dense, fiber-rich foods at each meal. Choose foods like berries, broccoli, beans, whole grains, and leafy greens. Avocados, nuts, and seeds provide both fiber and healthy fats that support digestion. Think colorful vegetables and lean proteins. Remember to increase fiber gradually and pair it with plenty of water."

💡Tip: A registered dietitian can create a personalized Wegovy diet plan that ensures adequate fiber, protein, vitamins, and minerals, even as you eat less. They can help you navigate food choices that support both weight management and digestive health.

2. Stay hydrated

“Adequate water intake is essential for maintaining softer stools that move more easily through your intestines. Try to drink eight to ten glasses of water daily," explains Faycurry, RD. “If you find plain water boring, try infusing it with citrus, cucumber slices, or herbs like mint for variety. Herbal teas count toward your daily fluid intake as well.”

💡Tip: If you tend to forget to drink water during the day, set phone reminders or keep a water bottle handy.

3. Get moving

Regular physical activity stimulates your digestive system. Research shows that people who exercise for 150 minutes or more per week at moderate intensity experience significantly less constipation than sedentary individuals. Brisk walking counts as moderate exercise.

Even a 30-minute daily walk helps. Swimming, cycling, and yoga are also effective options to get started.

4. Establish a bathroom routine

Create a consistent schedule for bathroom visits, preferably after meals when digestion is most active. Don't ignore mild urges. Delaying bowel movements allows stool to harden in your colon.

5. Talk to your healthcare provider

Your healthcare provider can help you manage side effects. Reach out if constipation persists or worsens.

They might recommend over-the-counter remedies, like stool softeners or laxatives like MiraLAX, for short-term relief. They can also adjust how quickly they increase your dose, giving your body more time to adapt.

“Seek immediate help if you experience intense stomach pain, vomiting after meals, or cannot pass gas or have a bowel movement,” says Eapen, MD. “These rare symptoms could indicate a serious issue.”

6. Work with a dietitian

Registered dietitians help patients manage digestive issues during Wegovy treatment. They evaluate your diet and create personalized nutrition plans that promote regular bowel movements.

A dietitian will show you which foods naturally relieve constipation and how to add them safely. They understand how Wegovy affects digestion and can recommend specific adjustments that work with the medication.

Professional nutrition guidance can help you manage constipation and maintain comfortable digestion throughout treatment.

Final thoughts: Wegovy and constipation

Some people taking Wegovy experience constipation as a side effect, but it's typically mild and manageable.

Be proactive with fiber-rich foods, hydration, and physical activity. Your doctor and a personal dietitian can offer personalized strategies to keep you comfortable on Wegovy.

Frequently asked questions (FAQs)

How to avoid constipation on Wegovy?

Constipation can be prevented with simple strategies. Hydrate throughout the day, eat fiber-rich foods at every meal, including vegetables, fruits, and whole grains. Make sure you introduce dietary fiber gradually. It’s also important to be physically active for at least 30 minutes each day. Starting these habits early helps prevent constipation before it becomes a problem.

How does drinking water help constipation?

Drinking water helps relieve constipation by softening your stool. When you're dehydrated, your colon absorbs more water from waste, making stool harder to pass. Water also helps dietary fiber work more effectively, as fiber needs water to bulk up stool and promote regular bowel movements. Stay hydrated. It's an important part of maintaining healthy digestion.

Does constipation from Wegovy go away?

Yes, for most people, constipation on Wegovy improves significantly over time. Your body typically adjusts within several weeks of starting treatment or after a dose increase. Individual timelines can vary. If symptoms persist or worsen, consult your healthcare provider.

Struggling with constipation? 

Get your personal Wegovy diet plan to manage side effects and get the nutrition you need during your weight loss journey.

The views expressed by authors and contributors of such content are not endorsed or approved by Fay and are intended for informational purposes only. The content is reviewed by Fay only to confirm educational value and audience interest. You are encouraged to discuss any questions that you may have about your health with a healthcare provider.